Cross-domain structural pattern
Conditioning on rare large events (quenched dynamics) versus averaging over event realizations (annealed dynamics) yields qualitatively different limiting processes: quenched limits preserve event-specific structure, annealed limits smooth over variability.
view paper→Path marginal cost in heterogeneous traffic decomposes into intra-class effects (within vehicle type) and inter-class effects (cross-type interactions). Conversion factors derived from heterogeneous link dynamics explicitly model competitive relationships between vehicle classes. Non-differentiability emerges when mixed flow approaches system optimum, as flow competition shifts from continuous to threshold-based at equilibrium.
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